Implementing a Novel Facility-Community Intervention for Strengthening Integration of Infant Nutrition and Family Planning in Mara and Kagera, Tanzania

Background: This study examined the effects of a multi-level facility and community intervention in Tanzania’s Lake Zone, known for high fertility and low contraceptive use. The goal was to explore the effects of this intervention to integrate maternal and infant nutrition and postpartum family planning within existing health contacts.

Methods: Multiple methods were used in the study, including service statistics, exit interviews, patient-tracking tools for health workers, self-tracking tools for clients, supervision data, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews.

Results: The intervention had the greatest impact in the second and fourth wealth quintiles, where it was shown to increase family planning and exclusive breastfeeding. The lactational amenorrhea method, a postpartum contraceptive method, was acceptable and brought up family planning conversations, allowed for addressing misconceptions, and reinforced early breastfeeding practices. Partners also felt more encouraged to support their spouses nutrition, early breastfeeding, and family planning.

Conclusions: Stakeholders displayed interest in continuing the intervention, as this multi-level facility and community intervention was able to be implemented and was able to contribute to improved early breastfeeding and increased family planning, including use of the lactational amenorrhea method.